Sporocarps of the hypogeous ascomycete Carbomyces emergens Gilky were collected in the northern Chihuahuan Desert, at the entrance to the Jornada Experimental Range, 25 km NNE of Las Cruces, New Mexico on March 13, 1985. The site consisted of coppiced dunes vegetated with Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt., Prosopis glandulosa Torr., and several spring flowering annuals, Lepidium lasiocarpum Nutt., and Les- querella gordonii (Gray) Wats. The interdune spaces were generally devoid of vegetation. The ascocarps were discovered 2-5 cm below the soil surface in and around recent rodent digs located in the interdune areas. Dried specimens were subsequently discovered on the soil surface (April 10, 1985) in the ecotone between the Larrea tri- dentata (DC.) Cov. and the Bouteloua eriopoda (Torr.) Torr. vegetation zones of the Jorada Long Term Ecological Research site, located on the New Mexico State University college ranch, 15 km north of the original collection area. Ascocarps (FIG. 1) were subglobose, ovoid to irregular (0.5-2.1 x 0.8-2.0 cm diam), cream to honey yellow in color, and produced singularly and in clusters. Glebal mass was white when immature becoming yellowish brown with the mat- uration of the fertile pockets of asci. Flesh of mature specimens turning yellow when cut, otherwise remaining white at maturity. Dried specimens found on the soil surface were as described by Trappe (1979).