@conference {JRN54992, title = {Juniper sapling regrowth following targeted grazing treatments in relation to terpenoid concentration}, booktitle = {72nd Society for Range Management International Meeting}, year = {2019}, month = {02/2019}, publisher = {Society for Range Management Meeting Abstracts}, organization = {Society for Range Management Meeting Abstracts}, address = {Minneapolis, Minnesota}, abstract = {

Chemically defended woody plants are expected to grow at slower rates compared to less-well defended counterparts. The objective of our study was to determine whether regrowth of browsed one seed juniper saplings (Juniperus monosperma) was related to initial terpenoid concentrations. Targeted grazing with small ruminants was applied on sixteen 10 x 30 m sapling-infested rangeland plots at NMSU{\textquoteright}s Corona Range and Livestock Research Center in the summer of 2006 (n=8) and spring of 2007 (n=8). Immediately after grazing, foliage of approximately 10 saplings in each plot was harvested and subsequently analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. In 2017, we returned to the plots to measure sapling survival and regrowth. We hypothesized that sapling regrowth rate would be inversely related to terpenoid concentration measured in 2006/07. We used linear regression to explore this hypothesis using PROC REG in SAS 9.4. Plot averages were used in two separate regression analyses (summer and spring). Crown height of saplings increased 20.1 {\textpm} 1.4 cm and 19.9 {\textpm} 2.2 cm, and terpenoid concentration was 0.30 {\textpm} 0.01 mg/gDM and 0.26 {\textpm} 0.01 mg/gDM in spring and summer plots, respectively. Terpenoid concentration explained 52\% of the variation in sapling regrowth in spring plots ({\ss} = -88.2; P=0.04) and 81\% of the variation in sapling regrowth in summer plots ({\ss} = -227.6; P\<0.01). As predicted, we found an inverse relationship between initial terpenoid concentration and one seed juniper sapling regrowth 10y after applying targeted grazing treatments with small ruminants. Since sheep and goats preferentially browse saplings with low terpenoid levels, our results suggest that heavily browsed saplings that survive are likely to exhibit the highest regrowth rates after treatment.

}, author = {Almalki, Y. M. and Andr{\'e}s F. Cibils and Richard E. Estell and Stricklan, D. and S. A. Utsumi and Alexander Fernald} } @conference {JRN54432, title = {JournalMap: Discovering location-relevant knowledge from published studies for sustainable land use, preventing degradation, and restoring landscapes}, booktitle = {UNCCD 3rd Scientific Conference Book of Abstracts}, year = {2015}, month = {03/2015}, address = {Cancun, MX}, abstract = {

Finding relevant knowledge and information to prevent land degradation and support restoration has historically involved researchers working from their own knowledge, querying people they know, and tediously searching topical literature reviews. Over the past two decades, vast quantities of knowledge and information have been made accessible, but finding that which is relevant often remains difficult and inefficient. The relevance of knowledge is determined by how closely the context in which it was created matches a given situation (Karl et al. 2012). In land stewardship and restoration, context includes both patterns of the biophysical (e.g., soils, climate, landform) and human environment. However, the ability to determine what is known about a land use or restoration practice in a particular landscape is hindered by current search technologies because they still rely primarily on key word, topic, text, and author searching {\textendash} concepts of cataloging and searching for published information that have changed little since the late 1800s. With the addition of geographic filters and the locations of where studies have occurred, search results could be limited to specific areas and searches could be extended to contextually-similar areas across the globe.\  Methods: To address this need we created JournalMap (http://www.journalmap.org), a map-based scientific literature database and search engine (Karl et al. 2013b). JournalMap uses study area descriptions from an article (not author affiliations) to map where the research was actually conducted. All articles in JournalMap are geotagged, either automatically using pattern recognition algorithms looking for geographic coordinates or manually from text-based descriptions. Article content in JournalMap comes from partnerships with publishers (e.g., Taylor \& Francis, Pensoft, IOP) and research organizations, existing literature georeferencing efforts, and crowdsourcing from JournalMap{\textquoteright}s users.JournalMap makes it easy to search for literature from specific places through a simple map interface. Results of JournalMap searches can be exported in different formats or saved as a collection with a unique URL for a spatial bibliography on a topic. For many topics, though, there has been little research done in many parts of the world. But, research conducted in areas with similar physical, environmental, cultural or political contexts can, in many cases, be relevant to these understudies regions (See Figure). JournalMap currently allows users to search for literature based on a few existing spatial layers including geology, soils, vegetation, through a simple overlay analysis of existing spatial data layers.\  Results: JournalMap{\textquoteright}s literature database currently contains records for over 20,000 articles on a diversity of topics, and new content is being added continually. We have found that across knowledge domains approximately 85\% of published studies are attributable to a mapable location, and around two-thirds of modern studies report geographic coordinate values that can be automatically extracted. Automated mapping of scientific knowledge could be improved by the adoption of standards for location reporting. In addition to map- and similarity-based searching, Journal Map data has been used to look at the distribution and spread of knowledge on topics over time like species conservation and to evaluate bias in the location and distribution of knowledge. To illustrate the potential for JournalMap to identify relevant knowledge for an given area, we examined research studies from the Chihuahuan Desert of the southwestern United States. We mapped the locations of more than 800 journal articles that were returned from a Web of Science{\texttrademark} search on {\textquotedblleft}Chihuahuan Desert{\textquotedblright}. Only a third of the search results were actually from the target area. Additionally, the keyword literature search missed any study in the area that didn{\textquoteright}t use those two terms. In JournalMap{\textquoteright}s existing database, we found over 100 articles in the target area that were not included in the keyword search. Outcomes:\  JournalMap{\textquoteright}s ability to search for ecological and agricultural literature thematically and geographically improves the ease of accessibility of potentially relevant research findings, promote syntheses and meta-analyses, provide mechanistic understanding to environmental patterns and causes of land degradation, facilitate evaluations of bias in ecological knowledge, and limit redundancy in conducting new studies (Karl et al. 2013a). JournalMap{\textquoteright}s database could be easily extended to include governmental reports on land degradation and restoration, providing a powerful tool for discovering and using the {\textquotedblleft}dark data{\textquotedblright} that is often hidden in these documents because they are not easily discoverable.\  Additionally, through a publically available application programming interface (API) JournalMap{\textquoteright}s geographic search capabilities and georeferenced literature database can easily be combined with other databases (Karl and Herrick 2013) of land use practices (e.g., WOCAT), conservation projects, and site-based assessments of land potential (e.g., Land Potential Knowledge System).

}, author = {Jason W. Karl and Jeffrey E. Herrick and Jeffrey K. Gillan} } @conference {JRN54428, title = {The Jornada Basin long term ecological research program}, booktitle = {2015 LTER All Scientists Meeting}, year = {2015}, month = {08/2015}, address = {Estes Park, CO}, abstract = {

Chihuahuan Desert landscapes exemplify the ecological conditions, vulnerability, and management challenges in arid and semi-arid regions around the world. The goal of the Jornada Basin Long Term Ecological Research program (JRN LTER) established in 1982 is to understand and quantify the key factors and processes controlling ecosystem dynamics and patterns in Chihuahuan Desert landscapes. In collaboration with the Jornada Experimental Range (USDA ARS), studies initiated in 1915 have been incorporated into the JRN LTER program. Previous research focused on desertification, a state change from perennial grasslands to woody plant dominance that occurs globally. Based on findings from growing long-term databases, the breadth of studies was expanded to include four additional state changes that occur in dryland systems worldwide: (1) a reversal to grassland states, (2) transitions among different states dominated by woody plants, (3) invasion by non-native grasses leading to novel states, and (4) transitions to human-dominated states. Processes of interest include water mediated plant-soil feedbacks, patch-scale contagion, landscape context, and time lags that are manifested as nonlinear dynamics and threshold behavior. The overall goal of Jornada LTER-VI (2012-2018) is to understand and quantify the mechanisms that generate alternative natural and human-dominated states in dryland ecosystems, and to predict future states and their consequences for the provisioning of ecosystem services. A modified conceptual framework and integrated research plan in LTER-VI is being used to: (1) test specific elements by coupling existing long-term studies of patterns with new experiments aimed at elucidating processes, (2) integrate data from long-term studies in novel ways to address new questions, both at the JRN and in the surrounding region, and (3) forecast alternative future landscapes and consequences for ecosystem services under a changing environment. The research is organized around two major geomorphic units that characterize the Chihuahuan Desert, and that contain on-going long-term studies and a sensor network. Long-term studies are being combined with new mechanistic experiments designed to identify dominant processes and drivers with a focus on pattern-process relationships that transcend scales. The generality of this framework is being assessed with cross-site and regional studies. Simulation modeling is being used to synthesize and integrate data, both to understand current patterns and to predict future dynamics. New socio-economic studies and scenarios based on the Ecosystem Millennium Assessment is placing Jornada research into a broader socio-economic-ecologic context. Research is resulting in five major products: (1) new understanding of state changes, in particular in drylands, that lead to theory development, testable hypotheses, and new experiments; (2) accessible data and visualization tools applicable at multiple scales; (3) explanatory and predictive relationships between drivers, patterns, and processes that can be used to (4) develop scenarios of alternative human- and natural-dominated states with assessments of their impacts on ecosystem services; and (5) usable information transfer to a broad audience including K-12 students and teachers, and NGO and government agency land resource managers. Please see the Special Issue in Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment (Feb. 2015), "Emerging Perspectives and Shifting Paradigms in Water-Limited Systems" for recent findings from the Jornada.\  Paper No. 73.

}, author = {Debra C. Peters and Brandon T Bestelmeyer and Brandon T Bestelmeyer and Kris Havstad and Curtis H. Monger and Gregory S. Okin and O. E. Sala and Enrique Vivoni and Steven R. Archer and Danielle Duni} } @conference {JRN53995, title = {JournalMap: Research. Reimagned.}, booktitle = {International Association of Scientific, Technical and Medical Publishers 2013 Innovations Seminar}, year = {2013}, month = {12/2013}, address = {London, UK}, abstract = {

JournalMap is a scientific literature search engine that empowers you to find relevant research based on location and biophysical variables as well as traditional keyword searches. All publications are geotagged based on reported location information and plotted on a world map showing where the research was conducted allowing you to easily visualize the research occurring in specific areas and show you where data gaps might exist. In addition to being able to search for literature geographically, JournalMap opens up the possibility to search for literature from similar areas. In many parts of the world, there has been little formal study of the structure and dynamics of local environments. However, research that has been conducted on landscapes that share similar soils and climates can, in many cases, be relevant to these understudied regions.

}, url = {http://www.stm-assoc.org/events/innovations-seminar-2013/?presentations}, author = {Jason W. Karl} } @conference {JRN54510, title = {JournalMap: Geo-semantic searching for relevant knowledge}, booktitle = {97th Ecological Society of America Meetings}, year = {2012}, month = {05/10/2012}, publisher = {Ecological Society of America}, organization = {Ecological Society of America}, address = {Portland, OR}, abstract = {

Ecologists struggling to understand rapidly changing environments and evolving ecosystem threats need quick access to relevant research and documentation of natural systems. The advent of semantic and aggregation searching (e.g., Google Scholar, Web of Science) has made it easier to find useful literature across disciplines and publishers. However, locating information about a specific ecosystem, species or landscape remains hindered by current search technologies. The science community still relies on concepts of publication cataloging and searching dating back to the late 1800{\textquoteright}s (e.g., keyword, topic, text, and author searching). The vast majority of published research conducted on ecosystems around the world is tied to specific places, and these locations can be exploited to search for literature based on geography in addition to traditional terms. Our objective was to develop an integrated geographic and thematic (i.e., geo-semantic) system for searching for published ecological literature. We parsed article text from back issues of ecological journals to extract reported study area locations (place names as well as geographic coordinates). Here we look at only papers reporting geographic coordinates. Citation information, keywords, abstracts, and standardized geographic coordinates were added to a database. A web interface was created to search for literature based on geo-semantic queries. Results are available for the last six years of two journals, Rangeland Ecology and Management (REM) and Journal of Arid Environments (JAE). Additional journals are being added to the database. Of the 2,335 studies published in REM and JAE from 2005 to 2011, 76.5\% of studies reporting a study area included geographic coordinates; the rest included only place names. Of the 1,721 REM and JAE studies reporting geographic coordinates, eight different coordinate formats were used. Obvious location errors were found in 36 studies (2.1\% of studies reporting geographic coordinates). Beyond easily seeing what has been published for specific areas, georeferenced publication databases open new possibilities for discovering and using ecological knowledge. Users can analyze distributions of published knowledge about a species or topic, or identify relevant knowledge sources from similar areas based on themes like soils and climate. To promote robust geo-semantic literature searching in the future we recommend: 1) adopting standard geographic coordinate formats in journals to increase ease of location extraction and validate coordinates, 2) requiring authors to report geographic coordinates for studies unless privacy or proprietary concerns dictate otherwise, and 3) making geographic information publically available as a part of basic article citation metadata.

}, author = {Jason W. Karl and Unnasch, Robert S. and Jeffrey E. Herrick and Jeffrey K. Gillan} } @article {50380, title = {Jackrabbit (Lepus californicus) herbivory changes dominance in desertified Chihuahuan Desert ecosystems.}, journal = {Journal of Arid Environments}, volume = {70}, year = {2007}, month = {03/2007}, pages = {418-426}, abstract = {This study addressed the question: can herbivory by a medium size herbivore, black-tail jackrabbits (Lepus californicus), change dominance in desertified ecosystems dominated by two species of shrubs. Shrubs that were pruned by jackrabbits in plant communities dominated by creosotebush (Larrea tridentate) and tarbush (Flourensia cernua) were compared to shrubs not browsed by the rabbits. In the missed shrub area, herbivory on F. cernua resulted in death of 46.6\% of the shrubs, compared to only 4.8\% of L. tridentate shrubs. There was no evidence of jackrabbit browsing of dead F. cernua in a tarbush monoculture area. The canopy volumes of F. cernua plants that survived repeated browsing were significantly smaller than predicted based on unbrowsed plants with the same basal stem areas. Jackrabbit browsing resulted in increased canopy volume of creosotebush shrubs. Creosotebush average canopy volume significantly exceeded predicted values because of compensatory growth of stems from nodes below the severed point. Close spatial association of lightly browsed creosotebush with heavily browsed tarbush may be a factor contributing to low utilization of creosotebush stems by jackrabbits. Differential browsing by the rabbits is shifting thee ecosystems toward an L. tridentate monoculture.}, keywords = {browsing, compensatory growth, creosotebush, Flourensia cernua, Larrea tridentata, preferential feeding, tarbush}, doi = {10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007.01.009}, url = {/files/bibliography/07-016.pdf}, author = {Roth, G.A. and Walter G. Whitford and Yosef Steinberger} } @conference {50595, title = {Jornada Experimental Range and Sevilleta LTER: Unique arid rangelands from experiments to validate satellite systems}, booktitle = {European Geophysical Research Abstracts}, volume = {7}, year = {2005}, month = {2005}, pages = {05576}, abstract = {The Jornada Experimental Range (Jornada) in southern New Mexico USA and the Sevilleta Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) in Central New Mexico provide unique opportunities to use remote sensing techniques to study arid rangeland and the responses of vegetation to changing hydrologic fluxes and atmospheric driving forces. Research at the Jornada has been conducted continuous since 1912 by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service and USDA Agricultural Research Service and has been a National Science Foundation LTER site since 1981. Research at the Sevilleta LTER has been continuous since 1988. These long-term investigations provide unique ground data on vegetation characteristics, ecosystem dynamics, and vegetation response to changing physical and biological conditions. To complement the programs of ground measurements, a campaign called JORNEX (JORNada EXperiment) began in 1995 to collect remotely sensed data from aircraft and satellite platforms to provide spatial and temporal data on the physical and biological states of these arid rangelands. A wide range of ground, aircraft, and satellite data have been collected on the physical, vegetative, thermal, and radiometric properties of the ecosystems (grass, grass/shrub transition, and shrub) typical of arid rangeland of southwestern U.S. deserts. Spatial surface energy balance estimates were made from a combination of parameters and state variables estimated from satellite, aircraft and ground data. Landscape surface roughness was evaluated with the laser altimetry data and used to estimate aerodynamic roughness. Data from different platforms allowed the evaluation of the landscape at different scales. These measurements are being used to quantify hydrologic budgets and plant responses to change in components in the water and energy balance at the Jornada and Sevilleta. Surface energy fluxes have been observed since 2000 for several different surface conditions.}, keywords = {atmospheric driving, hydrologic fluxes, remote sensing}, author = {Jerry Ritchie and T. J. Schmugge and A. Rango} } @article {51079, title = {Jornada Experimental Range: A unique arid land location for experiments to validate satellite systems}, journal = {Remote Sensing of Environment}, volume = {74}, number = {1}, year = {2000}, month = {October 1, 2000}, pages = {13-25}, abstract = {

The Jornada Experimental Range (Jornada) in southern New Mexico provides a unique opportunity to use remote sensing techniques to study arid rangeland and responses of vegetation to changing hydrologic fluxes and atmospheric driving forces. Research at the Jornada has been continuous since 1912 by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service and USDA Agricultural Research Service and has been a National Science Foundation Long-Term Ecological Research site since 1981. These long-term investigations have provided ground data on vegetation characteristics, ecosystem dynamics, and vegetation response to changing physical and biological conditions. To complement the programs of ground measurements, a campaign called JORNEX (JORNada EXperiment) began in 1995 to collect remotely sensed data from aircraft and satellite platforms to provide spatial and temporal data on physical and biological states of the Jornada rangeland. A wide range of ground, aircraft and satellite data have been collected on the physical, vegetative, thermal and radiometric properties of three ecosystems (grass, grass/shrub transition and shrub) typical of the Jornada rangeland and of Southwestern U.S. deserts. Spatial surface energy balance estimates were made from a combination of parameters and state variables estimated from aircraft and ground data. Landscape surface roughness was evaluated with the laser altimetry data and used to estimate aerodynamic roughness. Data from different platforms allowed the evaluation of the landscape at different scales. These measurements are being used to quantify hydrologic budgets and plant responses to change in components in the water and energy balance at the Jornada.

}, keywords = {aircraft and ground data, Jornada Experimental Range, JORNEX, remote sensing, satellite data}, doi = {10.1016/S0034-4257(00)00118-8}, url = {/files/bibliography/00-017.pdf}, author = {Kris Havstad and William P. Kustas and A. Rango and Jerry Ritchie and T. J. Schmugge} } @conference {51085, title = {Jornada Basin LTER: Linkages in semiarid landscapes}, booktitle = {85th Annual Meeting, Ecological Society of America}, year = {2000}, month = {August 8-10, 200}, pages = {Abstract p. 396}, address = {Snowbird, UT}, abstract = {Chihuahuan Desert landscapes exemplify the ecological conditions, vulnerability, and management issues found in semiarid regions around the globe. The goal of the JRN-LTER program is to identify the key factors controlling ecosystem dynamics in semiarid landscapes with the objective of understanding the causes and consequences of desertification. Previous work has focused primarily at the scale of a single plant-interspace and the redistribution of resources at that scale. Our central hypothesis for LTER IV is that landscape position and linkages among landscape units exert important influences on ecosystem dynamics and biotic patterns. We propose to build upon our understanding of resource redistribution at the plant-interspace scale in several ways. We will synthesize existing long-term data with new studies on linkages among landscape units. We will conduct simulation model analyses to test the relative importance of within- versus between-unit processes. We will initiate studies of landscape fluxes of water, nutrients, and organisms to evaluate key processes affecting ecosystem dynamics at this scale. We will also employ remote sensing to assess fluxes and processes at larger spatial scales. Cross-site studies will be used to test the generality of our hypotheses for application to management and remediation of semiarid ecosystems and desertified landscapes.}, keywords = {desertification, ecosystem dynamics, LTER, remote sensing, semiarid, simulation model}, author = {L. Huenneke and Kris Havstad and Jeffrey E. Herrick and David C. Lightfoot and Curtis H. Monger and Debra C. Peters and A. Rango} } @proceedings {51245, title = {JORNEX: A multidisciplinary remote sensing campaign to quantify plant community/atmospheric interactions in the northern Chihuahuan Desert of New Mexico}, year = {1998}, month = {1998}, pages = {63-66}, address = {Washington, D.C.}, abstract = {

The Jornada Experimental Range in southern New Mexico provides a unique opportunity to integrate hydrologic-atmospheric fluxes and surface states, vegetation types. cover, and distribution. and vegetation response to changes in hydrologic states and atmospheric driving forces. As a National Science Foundation (NSF) Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) site and a United Nations (UN) Man and the Biosphere (MAB) site, the Jornada Experimental Range has been recognized as a valuable location for long term ecological research programs to investigate the processes related to desertification. The ongoing investigations within the LTER have yielded a wealth of ground data about the basin vegetation characteristics. ecosystem dynamics, and vegetation response to hydrologic-atmospheric inputs. Measurements and studies at Jornada date back to 1912 (Ares, 1974).

}, url = {/files/bibliography/633.pdf}, author = {A. Rango and Jerry Ritchie and William P. Kustas and T. J. Schmugge and K. S. Humes and Lawrence E. Hipps and J.H. Prueger and Kris Havstad} } @inbook {51246, title = {JORNEX: Remote sensing to quantify long-term vegetation change and hydrological fluxes in an arid rangeland environment}, series = {Hydrology in a Changing Environment}, year = {1998}, month = {1998}, pages = {585-590}, publisher = {John Wiley}, organization = {John Wiley}, address = {London}, abstract = {

The Jornada Experimental Range in southern New Mexico provides a unique opportunity to integrate hydrologic-atmospheric fluxes and surface states, vegetation types, cover, and distribution, and vegetation response to changes in hydrologic and atmospheric driving forces. As a National Science Foundation (NSF) Long-Term Ecological Research (L TER) site and a United Nations (UN) Man and the Biosphere (MAB) site, the Jornada Experimental Range has been recognized as a valuable location for long-term ecological research programs to investigate the processes related to desertification. The ongoing investigations within the L TER have yielded a wealth of ground data about the basin vegetation characteristics. ecosystem dynamics. and vegetation response to hydrologic-atmospheric inputs. Measurements and studies at Jornada date back to 1912 (Ares, 1974).

}, url = {/files/bibliography/632.pdf}, author = {A. Rango and Jerry Ritchie and William P. Kustas and T. J. Schmugge and Kris Havstad}, editor = {Wheater, H. and Kirby, C.} } @proceedings {51247, title = {JORNEX: A remote sensing campaign to study plant community response to hydrologic fluxes in desert grasslands}, year = {1998}, month = {May 27-29, 1998}, pages = {65-74}, address = {Reno, NV}, abstract = {

The Jornada Experimental Range (Jornada) in southern New Mexico provides a unique opportunity to use remote sensing techniques to study the responses of vegetation to changing hydrologic fluxes and atmospheric driving forces. Research and measurements at the Jornada have been continuous since 1912 by the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service and USDA Agriculture Research Service. The site was chosen as a National Science Foundation Long-Term Ecological Research site in 1981. These long-term investigations at Jornada have yielded a wealth of ground data about the basin vegetation characteristics, ecosystem dynamics, and vegetation response to changing hydrologic and atmospheric inputs. To complement the programs of ground measurements, a campaign called JORNEX (JORNada EXperiment) began in 1995 to collect remotely sensed data from aircraft and satellite platforms to provide spatial and temporal data on the physical and biological state of the Jornada rangeland. In conjunction with these studies, data were measured on the ground along established transects with detailed vegetation surveys (cover, height, composition, species)and with hand-held and yoke mounted spectral and thermal radiometers; from aircraft with spectral and thermal radiometers, multispectral digital video, and laser altimetry; and from space with Landsat Thematic Mapper, NOAA A VHRR, and GOES satellites. Surface energy balance estimates are made from a combination of parameters and state variables estimated from aircraft and ground data. Surface roughness was evaluated with the laser altimetry data and used to estimate aerodynamic roughness. Fractal analyses of the laser data found differences between vegetation types. These different platforms allow the evaluation of the landscape at different scales. These measurements are being used to quantify the hydrologic budgets and plant response to change in components in the water and energy balance at the Jornada.

}, keywords = {desert grasslands, hydrologic fluxes, hydrology, rangeland, remote sensing}, url = {/files/bibliography/634.pdf}, author = {Jerry Ritchie and A. Rango and William P. Kustas and T. J. Schmugge and Kris Havstad and J. Everitt and Lawrence E. Hipps and K. Ramalingam} } @conference {51300, title = {JORNEX: A remote sensing campaign to quantify rangeland vegetation patterns and change}, booktitle = {Ecological Society of America Bulletin}, volume = {78(4)}, year = {1997}, month = {1997}, pages = {Abstract 304}, abstract = {The Jornada Experimental Range, the site of a long-term ecological research program in southern New Mexico, provides a unique opportunity to integrate information about vegetation response to changes in hydrologic states and atmospheric driving forces. In coordination with long-term ground measurements, remotely sensed data are being collected from ground, airborne, and satellite platforms to provide spatial and temporal patterns of vegetation and surface energy balance estimates from a combination of parameters and state variables derived from remotely sensed data. Intensive three-day study periods for ground and airborne campaigns have been made in May 1995/1996, September 1995/1996, and February 1996. The airborne platform collects thermal, multispectral, 3-band video, and laser altimetry profile data. Bowen ratio-energy balance stations were established in shrub and grass communities in May 1995 and are collecting data continuously. Ground-based measurements include thermal and multispectral measurements, LAI, and other vegetation data. Ground, aircraft, and satellite measurements are being used to determine the effect of scale on measurements. Fractal parameters of the laser altimetry data for grass, transition, and shrub landscapes show that the fractal dimension is subject to seasonal changes but can be used to distinguish between these landscapes.}, author = {Jerry Ritchie and A. Rango and William P. Kustas and T. J. Schmugge and Kris Havstad} } @proceedings {51369, title = {JORNEX: An airborne campaign to quantify rangeland vegetation change and plant community- atmospheric interactions}, volume = {II}, year = {1996}, month = {June 24-27, 1996}, pages = {54-66}, address = {San Francisco, CA}, abstract = {

The Jornada Experimental Range in New Mexico provides a unique opportunity to integrate hydrologic-atmospheric fluxes and surface states, vegetation types, cover, and distribution, and vegetation response to changes in hydrologic states and atmospheric driving forces. The Jornada Range is the site of a long-term ecological research program to investigate the processes leading to desertification. In concert with ongoing ground measurements, remotely sensed data are being collected from ground, airborne, and satellite platforms during JORNEX (the JORNada EXperiment) to provide spatial and temporal distribution of vegetation state using laser altimeter and multispectral aircraft and satellite data and surface energy balance estimates from a combination of parameters and state variables derived from remotely sensed data. These measurements will be used as inputs to models to quantify the hydrologic budget and the plant response to changes in components in the water and energy balance. Intensive three day study periods for ground and airborne campaigns have been made in May 1995 (dry season) and September 1995 (wet season), February 1996 (Winter) and are planned for wet and dry seasons of 1996. An airborne platform is being used to collect thermal, multispectral, 3-band video, and laser altimetry profile data. Bowen ratio-energy balance stations were established in shrub and grass communities in May 1995 and are collecting data continuously. Additional energy flux measurements were made using eddy correlation techniques during the September 1995 campaign. Ground-based measurements during the intensive campaigns include thermal and multispectral measurements made using yoke-based platforms and hand-held instruments, LAI, and other vegetation data. Ground and aircraft measurements are acquired during Landsat overpasses so the effect of scale on measurements can be studied. This paper discusses preliminary results from the 1995 airborne campaign.

}, url = {/files/bibliography/502.pdf}, author = {Jerry Ritchie and A. Rango and William P. Kustas and T. J. Schmugge and K.L. Brubaker and Zhan, X. and Kris Havstad} } @article {51420, title = {Jornada Draw fault: a major Pliocene-Pleistocene normal fault in the southern Jornada Del Muerto}, journal = {New Mexico Geology}, volume = {17}, number = {3}, year = {1995}, note = {//LOCAL,USDA//NONE//}, month = {1995}, pages = {37-43}, abstract = {The north-northwest-trending Jornada Draw fault, 40 mi (64 km) long, has displaced the hinge area of the Jornada del Muerto syncline approximately midway between the Caballo and San Andres Mountains. Downthrown to the east, the fault forms the eastern boundary of the Caballo horst and the west boundary of a broad half graben that underlies the east part of the Jornada del Muerto in this area. Maximum stratigraphic separation of 1,850 ft (564 m) was measured from the central segment of the fault, but this decreases toward its termination to the north and probably also to the south. In spite of the comparatively large, apparent vertical component of slip, physiographic evidence for the fault is subtle because of the extensive low-relief pediment that truncates both hanging-wall and footwall rocks. Local low scarps, a series of playa lakes, and Jornada Draw drainage are its principal physiographic expressions. However, sedimentary and volcanic rock formations ranging in age from Pleistocene to Cretaceous are truncated by the fault, and a basaltic cinder cone was constructed on the fault in late Pliocene time. There is no stratigraphic evidence that the fault developed earlier than Pliocene time. Pliocene-Pleistocene strata of the Camp Rice and Palomas Formations are syntectonic and reach a maximum known thickness of 250 ft (76 m) on the hanging-wall block, although greater thicknesses may be present in the subsurface. Thus, the fault apparently formed late in the history of the Rio Grande rift region of south-central New Mexico, probably to help accommodate growing structural relief between the Caballo uplift and Jornada del Muerto syncline. Most recent movement of 30 ft (9 m) along the fault is estimated to be approximately 0.4 Ma. Quaternary offset locally exceeds 100 ft (30 m). The earthquake potential of this fault is considered to be minimal.}, keywords = {article, articles, geology, earthquake, geology, fault, geology, Pleistocene, geology, Pliocene, journal, journals}, author = {W. R. Seager and Greg H. Mack} } @article {51752, title = {The Jornada LTER site}, journal = {LTER Network News}, volume = {3}, year = {1988}, note = {//NMSU//LTER I//}, month = {1988}, pages = {7}, abstract = {The Jornada LTER has experienced a major change in principle investigators and a modification of program objectives. In January 1988, four new P.I.{\textquoteright}s joined the Jornada team: Dr. William Schlesinger (Duke University); Dr. Wesley Jarrell (University of California-Riverside); Dr. Ross Virginia (San Diego State University); and Dr. Laura Huenneke (New Mexico State University). The modification of program objectives is a change from focusing on hypotheses built around temporal and spatial variability with work focused on a single watershed to hypotheses built around the concept that desertification has changed a previously uniform distribution of resources to a patchy distribution of resources. We hypothesize that this shift in distribution of resources has disrupted temporal linkages among ecosystems and ecosystem processes. In order to address questions concerning desertification processes, we have set up research at several new locations on the Jornada and are working to increase collaborative efforts with the USDA programs at the Jornada.}, keywords = {article, articles, journal, journals, review,Jornada LTER research}, author = {Walter G. Whitford} } @article {51853, title = {Jornada Experimental Range: we{\textquoteright}re still learning}, journal = {Agricultural Research}, volume = {34}, number = {6}, year = {1986}, note = {//USDA//NONE//}, month = {1986}, pages = {6-9}, abstract = {A general overview of the Jornada Experimental Range from 1880{\textquoteright}s to 1986.}, keywords = {article, articles, cattle, community, grassland, grazing, journal, journals, review, sheep}, author = {Senft, Dennis} } @proceedings {51942, title = {The Jornada Experimental Range Biosphere Reserve}, year = {1983}, month = {1983}, pages = {45-47}, publisher = {USDA Forest Service General Technical Report WO-36}, address = {Rio Rico, AZ}, abstract = {

The 78,106ha Jornada Experimental Range is a research facility and operational cattle ranch in the northern Chihuahuan Desert. Continuous research programs since 1915 have provided much information on how to manage arid rangelands best. Current research, building on the past, is aimed at increasing products of direct benefit to man while preserving the integrity of basic ecosystems.

}, url = {/files/bibliography/231.pdf}, author = {Gibbens, Robert P.} } @article {52255, title = {Jornada validation site report}, year = {1975}, note = {//NMSU//US-IBP//}, month = {1975}, institution = {Utah State University}, address = {Logan, Utah}, abstract = {Drought conditions characterized the first six months of 1974-- a continuation of conditions which began in late summer of 1973. Because of drought conditions, there was a virtual absence of spring annuals, and many species of plants such as Panicum obtusum, Hymenoxys odorata, Hilaria mutica, Larrea tridentata, etc., exhibited no growth until after the first rains, July 4. The only plants exhibiting new growth in spring were those which appear to be more independent of water like Prosopis glandulosa and Yucca elata. Mammals and lizards exhibited decreases in species diversity and densities in early summer 1974, but their populations recovered during the wet summer and fall. Ant and termite activity was low or absent depending on the area until after the summer rains started. Termites consumed all species of buried native vegetation and also ate through the control bags s we were unable to obtain quantitative data on feeding rates. Microbial studies continued this year showed little activity during the dry months of January through June. Litter production data followed the phenology of the plants. Larrea tridentata dropped more bark and twigs than the other species studied. On the spray site, we found that the rodent fauna had switched from a desert fauna dominated by Dipodomys merriami and Perognathus penicillatus to a grassland fauna dominated by Dipodomys ordii and Perognathus flavus. This shift was obviously not related to soil differences.}, keywords = {anurans, Bufo, anurans, distribution patterns, anurans, Scaphiopus, anurans, surface activity, bajada, ants, bajada, arthropods, bajada, climate, bajada, decomposition, bajada, herbicides, bajada, insects, bajada, plants, bajada, reptiles, bajada, soil bacteria, bajada, soil enzymes, bajada, soil thermophiles, bajada,birds, bajada,lagomorphs, bajada,rodents, bird, Swainson{\textquoteright}s hawk, food habits, book, books, chapter, chapters, decomposition, termites, food habits, Swainson{\textquoteright}s hawk, playa, ants, playa, arthropods, playa, climatic, playa, decomposition, playa, flooding, playa, insects, playa, microbial activity, playa, plants, playa, productivity, playa, reptiles, playa, rodents, playa,birds, playa,lagomorphs, report, reports, termite, Amitermes, termite, decomposition, termite, Gnathamitermes, termite, Reticulitermes, US-IBP,validation site report}, isbn = {Research Memorandum 75-4}, author = {Walter G. Whitford} } @book {52260, title = {The Jornada Experimental Range: An Epoch in the Era of Southwestern Range Management}, series = {Range Monograph}, volume = {No. 1}, year = {1974}, month = {May 1974}, pages = {74}, publisher = {Society for Range Management}, organization = {Society for Range Management}, edition = {First}, chapter = {74}, address = {Denver, CO}, abstract = {This little booklet tells in words and pictures the story of the lands in the Jornada Experimental Range during the past 125 years. The Jornada Experimental Range is an experimental cattle ranch occupying som 190,000 acres of semidesert rangeland in southern New Mexico. Fred Ares has lived on the Jornada Range for 43 years. He has put together this account of the research problems, results and ranch life not given in the average Western paperback or cowboy movie thriller. Fred knows how to tell a good story--the reader should look for his humorous little gems interspersed throughout this factual presentation of rangeland problems and solutions in the great Southwest.}, keywords = {Jornada Experimental Range, monograph, problems, ranch life, research, Southwest}, url = {/files/bibliography/147.pdf}, author = {F.N. Ares}, editor = {R.S. Campbell} } @article {52288, title = {Jornada validation site report}, year = {1974}, note = {//??//US-IBP//}, month = {1974}, institution = {Utah State University}, address = {Logan, Utah}, keywords = {book, books, chapter, chapters, report, reports, US-IBP,validation site report}, isbn = {Research Memorandum 74-4}, author = {Walter G. Whitford} } @article {52318, title = {Jornada validation site}, year = {1973}, note = {//??//US-IBP//}, month = {1973}, institution = {Utah State University}, address = {Logan, Utah}, keywords = {book, books, chapter, chapters, report, reports, US-IBP,validation site}, isbn = {Research Memorandum 73-4}, author = {Walter G. Whitford} } @article {52345, title = {Jornada bird censuses, 1972}, year = {1972}, note = {//USDA//US-IBP//}, month = {1972}, pages = {20}, institution = {Colorado State University}, address = {Ft. Collins, Colorado}, abstract = {Jornada grassland birds have been censured since 1971 by two methods: (1) intensive counts on two replicate plots (1600{\textquoteright} x 2400{\textquoteright}), at monthly intervals in 1971, at weekly intervals in 1972, and (2) roadside counts repeated twice each month, usually on consecutive days. In both 1971 and 1972 low numbers of breeding insectivores, Mourning Doves, and raptors have been replaced in the fall by large numbers of migrant and wintering Mourning Doves, raptors, Lark Buntings, Horned Larks, and various sparrows. The result has been a reversal of the usual situation in temperate grasslands of much higher numbers in the breeding season than in fall and winter. More precipitation occurred in 1972 than in 1971, but bird densities increased less than was expected. Parallels between temporal changes in insect abundance and bird densities indicate a probable dependence of the latter on the former.}, keywords = {bird, census, book, books, chapter, chapters, grassland, bird census, list, birds, report, reports}, isbn = {Technical Report No. 271}, author = {Ralph J. Raitt and Stuart L. Pimm} } @article {52350, title = {Jornada validation site report}, year = {1972}, note = {//??//US-IBP//}, month = {1972}, institution = {Utah State University}, address = {Logan, Utah}, keywords = {book, books, chapter, chapters, report, reports, US-IBP,validation site report}, isbn = {Research Memorandum 72-4}, author = {Walter G. Whitford} } @article {52378, title = {Jornada validation site report}, year = {1971}, note = {//??//US-IBP//}, month = {1971}, institution = {Utah State University}, address = {Logan, Utah}, keywords = {book, books, chapter, chapters, report, reports, US-IBP,validation site report}, isbn = {Research Memorandum 71-4}, author = {Walter G. Whitford} } @conference {52416, title = {Jornada Experimental Range}, booktitle = {Arid Zone Newsletter (Australia)}, year = {1969}, month = {1969}, pages = {185-187}, keywords = {Jornada Experimental Range}, author = {C.H. Herbel} } @article {52493, title = {Jornada Experimental Range research}, volume = {51(2)}, year = {1964}, month = {1964}, pages = {103}, abstract = {Results of 47 years of study on the Jornada Experimental Range in New Mexico have shown that a 50 percent improvement of black grama rangeland can be obtained by: (1) Reducing stocking during the growing season to half the average number the area will carry for the year, (2) not overstocking during the remainder of the year, (3) better distribution of stock watering places so cattle will not have to travel over 2.5 miles to water, and (4) placing salt or salt-meal mix away from water to draw cattle to areas otherwise lightly grazed or ungrazed. A flexible stocking program is a necessity in the Southwest because fluctuatingforage crops are a fact-of-life in this area. To assume that a range unit can be stocked at a constant level based on "average years" is inviting catastrophic destruction of the range resource. If a range unit must be stocked at a constant level,it must be at a low enough level so forage species are not extensively overgrazed during the inevitable drought periods. This, of course, would result in a waste of forage during average and above-average years. Thus, to make maximum use of the forage resource without inflicting irreparable damage, it becomes necessary to have some form of flexible stocking.}, keywords = {black grama rangeland, Jornada Experimental Range, reducing stock, research, water distribution}, url = {/files/bibliography/090.pdf}, author = {C.H. Herbel} }