@article {JRN55370,
	title = {Opportunities to implement manureshed management in the Iowa, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania swine industry},
	journal = {Journal of Environmental Quality},
	year = {2022},
	month = {3/2/2022},
	abstract = {The U.S. swine industry is diverse, but opportunities exist to strategically improve manure management, especially given much of the industry{\textquoteright}s vertical integration. We investigate opportunities for improving manureshed management, using swine production examples in Iowa, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania as a lens into historical trends and the current range of management conditions. Manure management reflects regional differences and the specialized nature of hog farms, resulting in a large range of land bases required to assimilate manure generated by these operations. Selected representative farm scenarios were evaluated on an annual basis; farm-level manuresheds were largest for Pennsylvania sow farms and smallest for North Carolina nursery farms. Compared with nitrogen-based manuresheds, phosphorus-based manuresheds were up to 12.5 times larger. Technology advancements are needed to promote export of concentrated nutrients, especially phosphorus, from existing {\textquotedblleft}source{\textquotedblright} manuresheds to suitable croplands. The industry is dynamic, as revealed by historical analysis of the siting of hog barns in Pennsylvania, which are currently trending toward the north and west where there is greater isolation to prevent the spread of disease and a larger land base to assimilate manure. Industry expansion should focus on locating animals in nutrient {\textquotedblleft}sink{\textquotedblright} areas.},
	keywords = {Iowa, manureshed management, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, swine industry},
	doi = {10.1002/jeq2.20340},
	url = {files/bibliography/22-004.pdf},
	author = {Robert J Meinen and S. Spiegal and Peter J. A. Kleinman and Colton K Flynn and Sarah Goslee and Robert E Mikesell and C. Church and Ray Bryant and Mark Boggess}
}
@article {JRN55390,
	title = {The social networks of manureshed management},
	journal = {Journal of Environmental Quality},
	year = {2022},
	month = {02/09/2022},
	abstract = {Manureshed management{\textemdash}the strategic use of manure nutrients that prioritizes recycling between livestock systems and cropping systems{\textemdash}provides a comprehensive framework for sustainable nutrient management that necessitates the collaboration of many actors. Understanding the social dimensions of collaboration is critical to implement the strategic and technological requirements of functional manuresheds. To improve this understanding, we identified aspirational networks of actors involved in manureshed management across local, regional, and national scales, principally in the United States, elucidating key relationships and highlighting the breadth of interactions essential to successful manureshed management. We concluded that, although the social networks vary with scale, the involvement of a common core set of actors and relationships appears to be universal to the successful integration of modern livestock and crop production systems necessary for functional manuresheds. Our analysis also reveals that, in addition to agricultural producers, local actors in extension and advisory services and private and public sectors ensure optimal outcomes at all scales. For manureshed management to successfully integrate crop and livestock production and sustainably manage manure nutrient resources at each scale, the full complement of actors identified in these social networks is critical to generate innovation and ensure collaboration continuity.},
	keywords = {manureshed management, NGO, non-governmental organization, social networks},
	doi = {10.1002/jeq2.20334},
	url = {files/bibliography/21-061.pdf},
	author = {Gwendwr Rhiannon Meredith and S. Spiegal and Peter J. A. Kleinman and R. Daren Harmel}
}
@conference {JRN55314,
	title = {Opportunities to implement manureshed management in the U.S. poultry industry},
	booktitle = {American Society of Ag},
	year = {2020},
	month = {11/08/2020},
	abstract = {US poultry production and processing industries provide close to 2 million jobs and have annual economic impact of close to $500 billion. In 2019, over 9 billion broiler chickens were produced across the US with 60\% or so concentrated in southeastern states. The production of approximately 1.2 kg of manure per broiler chicken poses daunting challenges in terms of beneficial use that is economically and environmentally acceptable. The issue is exacerbated due to production and processing being located in relatively small confined spaces. Currently, opportunities for transporting surplus manure from confined animal operations for use on nutrient-deficient crop and hay lands elsewhere are limited. A potential solution recently proposed by the USDA{\textquoteright}s LTAR Network study is the concept of {\textquotedblleft}Manureshed{\textquotedblright} {\textendash} the lands surrounding confined animal operations onto which manure nutrients can be redistributed to meet production, economic, and environmental goals. Using this concept, this presentation reviews the manure management issues within the poultry production and processing industry and seeks to explore opportunities for intra-county pathways for redistribution of poultry manure nutrients to recouple crop-livestock agricultural systems disconnected for some time due to specialized livestock production industries. Key case studies where local accumulation of poultry manure nutrients are manifest at forefront at a national scale will be examined.},
	keywords = {manureshed management, nutrient-deficient crop, poultry manure nutrients, U.S. poultry industry, {\textquotedblleft}Manureshed{\textquotedblright}},
	author = {Ray Bryant and Dinku Endale and S. Spiegal and Peter J. A. Kleinman and Colton K Flynn and Meinen, Robert J and Michael Cavigelli and Sabo, Robert}
}
