@proceedings {JRN55418,
	title = {Characterizing dust from National Wind Erosion Research Network sites using isotopic fingerprinting, mineralogy, and major and trace element chemistry},
	year = {2022},
	month = {12- 9 to14- 2022},
	abstract = {The frequency of dust storms is increasing globally yet it is often difficult to determine dust sources in mixed events. Dust events are known to negatively impact human health due to particle size and composition but little is known about the chemistry and mineralogy of major dust sources. The National Wind Erosion Research Network (NWERN) has various sites throughout the western US collecting seasonal dust emission samples to quantify dust fluxes. Our purpose is to use the existing dust samples to characterize the isotopic, chemical, and mineralogical composition of dust from 10 representative NWERN sites that are representative of the network and compare with land use, bedrock geology, and vegetation. Preliminary results show variability in the chemistry across the 10 sites related to differences in surficial geology and other factors. For example, the Holloman AFB site had distinct seasonal changes in dust chemistry with spikes in Na, Mg, Ca, Ni, and Sr during the spring months possibly related to changes in wind direction and inputs from neighboring White Sands National Monument. The Lordsburg Playa site had distinct chemistry relative to other sites with high concentrations of Li, Na, Ca, and Sr due to the prevalence of evaporite minerals. The Morton Mandan site also had distinct chemistry relative to other sites with high concentrations of metals Cr, Fe, Co, and Ni, suggesting anthropogenic inputs. Our dataset has implications for quantifying dust sources across the western US and will be useful for mitigating dust hazards moving forward. },
	keywords = {Characterizing dust, chemistry, isotopic fingerprinting, major, mineralogy, National Wind Erosion Research Network, trace element},
	author = {Abby Mangum and Gregory Carling and Zachary Aanderud and Diego Fernandez and Stephen Nelson and Kevin Rey and Joshua LeMonte and DeTiare Leifi and Janice Brahney and Nicholas Webb}
}
@inbook {50193,
	title = {Snowfall, snowpack and meltwater chemistry},
	booktitle = {Principles of Snow Hydrology},
	year = {2008},
	month = {July 2008},
	pages = {211-234},
	publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
	organization = {Cambridge University Press},
	chapter = {Chapter 8},
	address = {Cambridge, NY},
	abstract = {<p>Biogeochemical cycling of nutrients and pollutants in the environment is significantly affected by the occurrence of snowfall and snowpacks. Snowpacks can be viewed as reservoirs of chemicals that, unlike substances dissolved in rainfall, can be largely stored for significant periods of time during winter until melting occurs. Snowpacks reflect the chemical nature of the original snowfall events or wet deposition that accumulated to create them as well as the dry deposition of chemicals occurring as aerosol droplets, particles and gases in the atmosphere falling onto the snowpack surface during non-precipitation periods. Both naturally cycling chemicals and pollutants in the environment end up in the snowpack in this manner. Snowpack chemistry may also be affected by interactions with plant canopies during interception and the activity of organisms that find a home in the snow. Once melting or rain-on-snow events occur, chemicals are redistributed and released from the snowpack non-uniformly due to fractionation processes leading to relative enrichment of the initial liquid water releases. In polluted environments, early spring fish kills have been attributed to effects of these initial concentrated acidic snowmelt runoff events that caused toxic levels of dissolved aluminum to occur in streams. Studies have also shown that some ions are preferentially eluted or leached from the snowpack in different ratios than found in the snow itself. Thus, the overall effect of snow on chemicals cycling in the environment is to first store and then alter the timing and concentrations of ions moving in water through a catchment.</p>
},
	keywords = {chemistry, snow, snowfall, snowpacks},
	url = {http://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/earth-and-environmental-science/hydrology-hydrogeology-and-water-resources/principles-snow-hydrology},
	author = {D. DeWalle and A. Rango}
}
@proceedings {50535,
	title = {Rangelands and Global Change},
	year = {2005},
	note = {Global Issue Paper},
	month = {July 1, 2005},
	pages = {11},
	publisher = {Society for Range Management},
	address = {Lakewood, CO},
	abstract = {GLOBAL CHANGE is any change in the global environment that may alter the capacity of the Earth to sustain life. Included are changes in changes in LAND USE and PRODUCTIVITY, ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY, CLIMATE, WATER RESOURCES and ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS (U.S. Global Change Research Act 1990). These changes can be attributed primarily to the growth in human population (\&gt;6 billion in 1999) and their use of natural resources. There are two forms of responding to global change: mitigation and adaptation. Mitigation are actions taken to reduce the amount of change that occurs, while adaptation refers to actions that are taken to reduce the impact of change. RANGELANDS are lands on which the indigenous vegetation is predominantly grasses, grass-like plants, forbs or shrubs and is managed as a natural ecosystem and include grasslands, savannas, shrublands, deserts, tundras, marshes and meadows (Forage and Grazing Terminology Committee 1991). In the United States, over one-third (770 million acres) of the land area is classified as rangeland. Over half of rangelands are privately owned. In general, rangelands west of the Rocky Mountains are dominated by federal ownership, while those east of the Rockies are predominately privately-owned. There are notable exceptions, particularly along the west coast, where productivity is high enough to warrant private ownership. The significance of ownership is not in how rangelands should be treated in response to global change, but in the policies and programs that must be crafted and implemented to achieve those treatments. (<a href="http://www.rangelands.org/pdf/Global_Issue_Paper.pdf">http://www.rangelands.org/pdf/Global_Issue_Paper.pdf</a>)},
	keywords = {atmospheric, change, chemistry, global, issue paper, land use, management, producivity, range, society},
	url = {/files/bibliography/05-009.pdf},
	author = {Joel R. Brown and Blake, R.R. and McPherson, G.R. and Tate, K.W.}
}
