@proceedings {JRN54549,
	title = {Applying animal behavior to arid rangeland mangement},
	volume = {pg. 44-45},
	year = {2012},
	month = {05/2012},
	publisher = {Wildland Shrub Symposium},
	address = {Las Cruces, NM},
	abstract = {Livestock production is one of many demands placed on today{\textquoteright}s arid rangelands. Therefore, understanding plant and animal biology and their effects on biotic and abiotic landscape components is fundamental if rangelands are to remain ecologically sustainable. One limiting factor to accomplishing positive change on animal dominated landscapes is an incomplete understanding of animal behavior needed to efficiently manipulate and achieve management goals. Livestock differ anatomically and physiologically in their ability to utilize heterogeneous landscapes. The proper stocking of arid landscapes simultaneously with cattle, sheep and goats allows maximum plant biomass to be converted into food and fiber. However, this species mix is not always practical due to predation losses that can occur with small ruminants. Research has clearly demonstrated that by modifying innate animal behaviors, mixed-species groups can be managed successfully using flerds (flocks + herds). Furthermore, today{\textquoteright}s technology based on systems such as the global positioning system (GPS) offers exciting mechanisms to tie the spatial and temporal dynamics of plants and animals together to foster proactive management of livestock distribution and animal control in real time. Gene pools within livestock species that have had little influence from human selection such as Criollo cattle offer further exciting possibilities for creating designer animals that match the conditions of arid rangeland landscapes. These and other studies have characterized the Jornada{\textquoteright}s animal based research over the past 100 years.},
	author = {Amy L. Gonzalez and Richard E. Estell and D.M. Anderson}
}
@conference {50331,
	title = {Reproduccion del ganado},
	booktitle = {Taller de Extension San Carlos},
	year = {2007},
	month = {August 2007},
	abstract = {La determination de prenez es una de las principales herramientas de manejo en el Ganado de came. Le habilidad de determiner prenez proporciona al productor un medio de tomar sus decsiones de seleccion y descartarte en momentos decisivos, enfocando los recursos de la operacion en reporductores confiables. Con experiencia se puede determiner la edad del feto, que nos permite determiner las fecas de paricion para planificar los trabajos apropiados. La determinacion de prenez tambiem facilita major manejo de la alimentacion para conseguir satisfacer los altos requerimientos nutricionales de la gestacion, paricion, lactacion y procreacion.  El conocimiento de las fechas de nacimiento puede ser ventaja en la comercializacion de reemplazo de hembras. La majoria de las veces los compradores potenciales, quieren comprar vaquillas prenadas que van a parir coincidiendo con las vacas de su hato actual. El retorno economico de los criadoes es dependiente en el porcentaje de paricion annual y el peso de becerros destetados de ser vendidos.  El desafio de los criadores de Ganado es usar las tecnicas de manejo que estimulen la produccion sin aumentar drasticamente los costos de produccion. Una opcion para mejorar la produccion que es eficaz y de costo bajo es por medio de hacer pruebas de prenez anuales yt hacer descarte de vacas subfertiles.  La preuba de prenez identificia problemas de infertilidad permitiendo investigacion temprana y tomando un curso de accion que de otra manera no seria possible. La determinacion de prenez tiene poco uso si no se usa esta informacion prar realizar mejores decsisones de manejo. Esta prueba deberia realizarse anualmente para obtener major efectividad en el aumento de la fertilidad del Ganado de carne},
	author = {Amy L. Gonzalez}
}
@conference {50660,
	title = {Short-term rangeland monitoring in support of collaborative management of the Valles Caldera National Preserve},
	booktitle = {57th Annual Meeting, Society for Range Management},
	year = {2004},
	month = {January 25, 2004},
	pages = {114},
	address = {Salt Lake City, UT},
	abstract = {The Valles Caldera National Preserve (VCNP) was established in July 2000 by the US Congress in order to {\textquotedblleft}protect and preserve{\textquotedblright} the resources encompassed within its boundaries.  A Board of Trustees was appointed to administer this land and facilitate cooperative management of this 90,000-acre preserve in northern New Mexico.  This management is based on a set of ten principles that deal with protecting resources, advancing science, recognizing cultural interests, providing quality experiences to those who visit the preserve, and maintaining the ecological balance of the landscape. Additionally, the VCNP provides an affordable forage base for local producers.  The USDA/ARS Jornada Experimental Range was invited to participate in developing a monitoring program for the approximately 30,000 acres of grazeable rangeland within the VCNP.  In 2001-2002, 41 monitoring points were established for both short- and long-term monitoring objectives.  The points were set up within four ecological sites: riparian, mountain meadow, mountain valley, and grazeable woodlands.  The methods of monitoring were developed with several goals in mind: to be quickly done in the field and quickly processed, to be easily taught to the public, to be repeatable and to be tied to long-term monitoring.  Using a paired-caged-plot method, data on production, utilization and standing biomass were collected for the June through September grazing seasons in 2002 and 2003 and will continue into the future.  Monitoring data will be used to manage these resources and, specifically, to manage grazing by livestock and elk.},
	author = {Amy L. Gonzalez and Connie J. Maxwell and B. Nolen}
}
