@proceedings {50157,
	title = {Husbandry of free-ranging cows using virtual fencing concepts},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2008},
	month = {June 30 - July 5},
	pages = {660},
	publisher = {Guangdong People{\textquoteright}s Publishing House},
	address = {Hohhot, China},
	abstract = {A directional virtual fencing (DVF{\texttrademark}) system approach  employing 1 Hz GPS data acquisition and using audio cuing only was successfully used to gather mature free-ranging beef cattle from a 466 ha arid brush infested rangeland paddock into a corral in which drinking water was located .  Gathering was conducted during five random  morning and five random afternoon times over a two week period  not corresponding to when the cattle would normally enter the corral.  Their normal time to enter the corral was determined by a one week pre-trial for each group during which time the animal{\textquoteright}s normal time to enter the corral was recorded.    The audio cues consisted of a human voice and those sounds coming from an all-terain vehicle (ATV) that had previousl been recorded during one of the manual gathering/training sessions.  The treated cattle had previously been habituated to being gathered by a technician riding an ATV and once the cows arrived at the corral they were given a small amont of protein supplement and immediate access to drinking water.  In contrast, a similar group of cattle not accustomed to being gathered using this protocol  but  trained to wear the electronic equipment package as well as eat protein supplement  were subjected to autonomous gathering.  This study demonstrated the feasability of using electronic equipment together with a food reward in order to autonomously gather free-ranging cows.},
	keywords = {free-ranging, GPS, virtual fencing},
	author = {D.M. Anderson}
}
